ABSTRACT

In recent years, the emphasis in drug development has been the design of new delivery systems rather than new drugs. It is the aim of innovative pharmaceutical scientists to design the new dosage forms to overcome the body's barrier mechanisms which have specifically evolved to exclude foreign material.

This book provides an integrated appro

chapter 1|1 pages

Cell Membranes, Epithelial Barriers and Drug Absorption

INTRODUCTIONTHE PLASMA MEMBRANE The phospholipid bilayer Dynamic behaviour of membranes

chapter |3 pages

INTRODUCTION

chapter |4 pages

Membrane proteins

chapter |1 pages

Desmosomes

chapter |7 pages

TRANSPORT ACROSS CELL MEMBRANES

chapter 2|1 pages

Parenteral Drug Delivery

INTRAVENOUS DELIVERY Physiology Advantages and disadvantages of intravenous delivery

chapter |8 pages

INTRODUCTION

chapter |5 pages

Formulation considerations

chapter |1 pages

Receptor-mediated transport

chapter |3 pages

REFERENCES

chapter 3|1 pages

Drug Delivery to the Oral Cavity or Mouth

ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY The oral cavity The palate

chapter |1 pages

ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY The oral cavity

chapter |2 pages

The tongue

chapter |3 pages

Functions of the oral mucosa

chapter |1 pages

Dental systems

chapter |5 pages

Analgesics

chapter 4|1 pages

Oesophageal Transit

INTRODUCTIONAN ATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY Oesophagus Gastro-oesophageal junction or cardia

chapter |5 pages

INTRODUCTION

chapter |2 pages

OESOPHAGEAL ADHESION OF DOSAGE FORMS

chapter |4 pages

CONCLUSIONS

chapter 5|1 pages

The Stomach

ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY Organisation of the stomach

chapter |3 pages

ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY

chapter |14 pages

Gastric glands

chapter |16 pages

Effect of disease on gastric emptying

chapter 6|1 pages

Drug Absorption from the Small Intestine ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF THE SMALL INTESTINE

ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF THE SMALL INTESTINE Gross morphology Mucosa Organisation of the mucosa

chapter |4 pages

Intestinal reserve length

chapter |6 pages

REFERENCES

chapter 7|1 pages

Drug Delivery to the Large Intestine and Rectum

ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF THE COLON Interspecies differences in structure

chapter |15 pages

Colonic structure

chapter |6 pages

Dietary factors

chapter |14 pages

Dosage forms for rectal delivery

chapter 8|1 pages

Transdermal Drug Delivery

STRUCTURE OF THE SKIN Epidermis Dermis

chapter |1 pages

INTRODUCTION

chapter |1 pages

Epidermis

chapter |7 pages

Dermis

chapter |8 pages

PENETRATION ENHANCERS

chapter 9|1 pages

Nasal Drug Delivery

ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY Nasal epithelia Nasal lymphatic system Nasal secretion

chapter |3 pages

ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY

chapter |3 pages

The nasal cycle

chapter |6 pages

Sjögrens syndrome

chapter |4 pages

REFERENCES

chapter 10|1 pages

Pulmonary Drug Delivery

STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF THE PULMONARY SYSTEM The lung Upper airway Structure of the tracheo-bronchial tree

chapter |2 pages

Epithelium Upper airways

chapter |8 pages

Lung permeability

chapter |2 pages

Nebulizers

chapter |2 pages

Labeling dry powder inhalers

chapter |5 pages

Adrenocorticosteroids

chapter 11|1 pages

Ocular Drug Delivery

STRUCTURE OF THE EYE Cornea Conjunctiva and sclera

chapter |1 pages

INTRODUCTION

chapter |10 pages

STRUCTURE OF THE EYE

chapter |1 pages

Influence of instilled volume

chapter |5 pages

Sprays

chapter |3 pages

Intraocular devices

chapter 12|1 pages

Vaginal and Interuterine Drug Delivery

ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY Mucosa Blood and nerve supply Uterine and vaginal fluid

chapter |3 pages

ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY

chapter |1 pages

Blood and nerve supply

chapter |3 pages

Enzymatic activity

chapter |4 pages

Bioadhesive delivery systems