ABSTRACT

Toxicology is a means to an important end: safety. The effective toxicologist begins with this in mind, and uses a clear understanding of safety as a relative concept, together with a rational view of the current safety evaluation paradigm to direct their work. Too often this approach is ignored or discouraged by traditional practice.
This lucid

chapter 1|7 pages

Introduction to toxicology

The necessity of measurement

chapter 2|1 pages

Normality

Definition and maintenance

chapter |6 pages

What is normality?

chapter 3|11 pages

Determination of toxicity

Basic principles

chapter 4|8 pages

Determination of toxicity in vitro

chapter 5|5 pages

Determination: general and reproductive toxicology

General and reproductive toxicology General toxicology

chapter |3 pages

Reproductive toxicology

chapter 6|5 pages

Determination: genotoxicity and carcinogenicity

Genotoxicity and carcinogenicity Genotoxicity

chapter |23 pages

Test systems and tests

chapter 7|5 pages

Determination: irritation and sensitisation

Irritation and sensitisation General principles

chapter 8|1 pages

Determination: environmental toxicology and epidemiology

Environmental toxicology and epidemiology Environmental toxicology and ecotoxicology

chapter 9|11 pages

Interpretation

chapter 10|7 pages

Prediction of hazard

chapter 11|9 pages

Background to risk due to toxicity

chapter |2 pages

Box 11.3 Elements of comparative risk

chapter |10 pages

Setting safety factors and margins

chapter 14|2 pages

Risk assessment

Carcinogenicity; the environment; evolution and overview of risk assessment

chapter |7 pages

Box 14.3 Methylene chloride and cancer

chapter 15|6 pages

The future of toxicity testing

chapter |2 pages

Toxicology in silico

chapter |2 pages

Appendix

Useful websites Regulatory sites

chapter |4 pages

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